Pear Place in Istanbul

 reach today, Pera Palace is outside of this group. Istanbul became livelier after the rail- way system extension at the end of 19th century and the city needed more comfortable hotels. Pera Palace was built

anbul is open for visiting at the left side of the avenue after Galatasaray Square. The ferroconcrete apartments in the atrium of the Church restrict the view of the church from the avenue because the atrium becomes narrow trough the gates. It was build in place of Concordia Theatre which was damaged by fire, hetween 1906 and 1912. Architects of the building is Giulio Mongeri and Edoardo De Nari who are Italians born in Istanbul. They have built the church in Italian Neo- gothic style.

Antonio was depicted with Virgin Mary, Infant Jesus and St. Francesco in the mosaic boards that are over three entrance doors. The Church having a Latin cross plan has the size 20x50 m. The building whichis separated into three naves by thick buttresses is covered with squinches. The three abscissas are four stairs higher than the naos. Stained glass windows on.

ing system of the structure have caps adorned with large leaf patterns. The Church is administrated by Italian priests.

The subway co Tünel Square to

ou can go Karaköy us metro line on Tu choose walking Galip Dede Ave is not very long directly go dow Karaköy from Avenue which the Tunnel pass various music s There are impo cal structures o avenue. First o Galata Mevley

historical treas SANTA MARIA DRAPERIS CHURCH O (SANTA MAR

Bresciani. mosaic boards cissas depicting upper scenes. ich are connect- er with sharp form the bear-

anta Maria Draperis Church is also emplaced on the left side close to the Tunnel. It sits under the avenue because it is built on a slope area. The Santa Maria Inn and public housings in between form a complex by connecting with the church. At the gates of the Santa Maria Inn which was build for making income, a Virgin Mary Statue placed in a niche attracts attention.

After the burn out of the Santa Maria Church which was built on Galata Mum Hane Avenue in 1584, it was build again on the area of the house which Madame Clara Bratola Draperis donated and because of this "

on 1769 it moved into its today's location, but the fires carried on. The building which was build again and used for other purposes, then renewed and turned into a church with the permission of Abdülhamit II on 1904. There is a Virgin Mary mosaic over the entrance gate.

TUNNEL

(TÜNEL)

stiklal Avenue ends when we arrive at the Tunnel. Tunnel is a 573 meters long historical underground public transportation system which connects Beyoğlu and Karaköy. It is important because it is the second oldest underground public trans-

portation system. Construction of the Tunnel started in 1871 and opening was on 18 January 1875.

ou can go down to Karaköy using the metro line on Tunnel or choose walking down from Galip Dede Avenue which is not very long. You can directly go down to Karaköy from Galip Dede Avenue which is parallel to the Tunnel passing through various music stores. There are important histori- cal structures on this avenue. First of them is Galata Mevlevihanesi (Mevlevi Lodge) on the start of the avenue. When you follow the avenue down Şahkapı Street having stairs will bring you an important historical treasure of Istanbul: Galata Tower (See page 126-127 for map).

Istanbul, however, is a vibrant and historic city with numerous attractions and neighborhoods worth visiting. Some popular areas in Istanbul include Sultanahmet, known for its iconic landmarks like the Hagia Sophia and Blue Mosque, Taksim Square, famous for its lively nightlife and shopping, and the trendy neighborhood of Beyoglu, featuring Istiklal Avenue and Galata Tower.

Istanbul, however, is a vibrant and historic city with numerous attractions and neighborhoods worth visiting. Some popular areas in Istanbul include Sultanahmet, known for its iconic landmarks like the Hagia Sophia and Blue Mosque, Taksim Square, famous for its lively nightlife and shopping, and the trendy neighborhood of Beyoglu, featuring Istiklal Avenue and Galata Tower.

Istanbul, however, is a vibrant and historic city with numerous attractions and neighborhoods worth visiting. Some popular areas in Istanbul include Sultanahmet, known for its iconic landmarks like the Hagia Sophia and Blue Mosque, Taksim Square, famous for its lively nightlife and shopping, and the trendy neighborhood of Beyoglu, featuring Istiklal Avenue and Galata Tower.

Istanbul, however, is a vibrant and historic city with numerous attractions and neighborhoods worth visiting. Some popular areas in Istanbul include Sultanahmet, known for its iconic landmarks like the Hagia Sophia and Blue Mosque, Taksim Square, famous for its lively nightlife and shopping, and the trendy neighborhood of Beyoglu, featuring Istiklal Avenue and Galata Tower.