History of The Kemal Ataturk Founder Of Turkey

 after these names that were quickly forgotten, it was named as Byzantion and in later ages as Constantinople..

One of the reasons for ercoming Istanbul city is was the large halls

ed for the first time in ar history by Fatih Sultan Mehmet. Another reason that enabled the conquest was the fact that the natural end of Byzantine Empire had come.

Fatih carried the capital of Ottoman Empire to here and increased the popula

of this empire. The later history of Byzantine Empire and cap- ital Istanbul is full of palace and church con- trivances, attacks from Iran and Arabians and bloody conflicts between the fast-

The efforts to make the city more beautiful contin- ued with the emperors after Constantine the Great and they had had built new con- structions, streets, aque- ducts and monuments. The first churches in the city were constructed after Constantine. Even though Roman Empire was divided into two in 395 and Western Roman Empire collapsed in 5th century. Eastern Roman Empire continued its existence under capital Istanbul for more than 1000 years. Contemporary.

Byzantine Empire that

ISTANBUL CITY GUIDE

developed under the influ ence of early civilizations in Anatolia and the grandeur, rules and laws taken from the East and Home and most important ly under the influence and principles of Christian reli gion has a very interesting history, Istanbul city was extended once again in the first half of the 5 century with the reconstructed city walls. These city walls of the land site that can still be seen today were built by Empire Theodosius I (408-430) and its length i 6492 meters. The city a population exceeding half a million in 6th cent ry lived another golden under the administration of Emperor Justinian 1 (527- 565). The well-known Hagia Sophia that has come to today is the work.

changing descendants t empires, All Vinds of s were banned during Iconoclastic move that took

place between 726 and 841 The Latin rule which is a black era of its history started with the siege of the city in 1204 during t Crnades and the city was exposed to a robbery for years towards its churches and monasteries and even towards its monuments Even though the adminis tration of the city was left to the Byzantions again in 1261, Istanbul could not reach its wealth again. The threat of growing Tarkish Ottoman Empire increased and eventually after 53 days of siege, the city was.

the country and started constructing the empty and ruined city. He gave freedom of religion and social rights to the pre- vious folk of the city and enabled them to continue living there. Because of the rights that he bestowed, the Patriarchate which is the head of Christian Orthodox Church has stayed in its place until today. Among with some other churches in the city, the Hagia Sophia was also turned o a mosque and saved from

its ruined condition. After Istanbul was c quered by the Turks, it improved and reconstru again in a short time. century after the conquest Turkish Art was dominar and domes and minare.

ty, because the Ottoman

Sultans were the caliphates,

Istanbul became the center

of the whole Islamic world.

Under the rule of the sul tans, the city was complete by constructed and gained an enchanting atmosphere In the colorful pages of Istanbul history at this age, there are no wars; however, the frequent fires bomed large sections of the city After the contacts that became more frequent after 19 century, the mosques and palaces were built on the side of the Bosphorus in European architectural style. Many palaces built in short time were also sym- bols of the decline period. Istanbul witnessed the end of another world empire at the end of the 1 World War. While the empire was divided and the inner and outer enemies struggled for their shares, a noble com- mander of the Turkish army started struggling for

M. Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Republic of Turkey.

Turkish Nation. This national hero named Mustafa Kemal founded Turkish Republic in 1923 after the War of Independence that lasted 4 years. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

 

Al Triple Rear Camera Nutuk Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.

                       Kemal Atatürk

"The group that Ottoman State was a member of was defeated in the 1 World War, Ottoman army was damaged in many places, and a ceasefire with heavy burdens had been signed... Those who took the coun- try and its people to the war started to worry about their own lives and escaped from the country... As soon as ceasefire was signed, the warrior soldiers of the units were demobilised, their weapons and ammu- nition were taken away and they were turned into some groups lacking the ability for war... The enemy states started to attack Ottoman nation and state in financial and moral ways. They had decided to destroy and share it. The person who is the sultan and the cal- liphate does not think any other solution than the one that will save his life and comfort... Commanders and officials are devastated to see that with all the suffer- ing and difficulties of the 1 World War, their nation is being torn to pieces... Sirs, there was only one deci- sion upon this condition. And that was to form a new Turkish Nation that is independent and based on national domination without any conditions!... No mat- ter how rich or abundant it is, a nation without inde- pendency is never treated more than a servant before civilized humanity... Although, the honor, pride and capabilities of the Turks are very high and great. Such a nation shall be destroyed rather than live as a cap- tive. Thus, either independence or death!,,

who became the head of this first Republic of Asia directed his country towards the basis of Western Civilization and modernity. Sultan and his family were sent abroad, caliphacy was banned. Latin alphabet was accept- ed, fez and garment that covered women were banned, and the right to vote was extended to women as well.

When Atatürk died in 1938, the young Turkish Republic had taken its place by the western world. The capital of the country became Ankara but it did not decrease the importance of Istanbul and this unique city continued its enchanti- ng view and life.